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高考英語完成句子
. 31. ____________________(最長的三條河流)in the world are the Niles, the Amazon, and the Changjiang River.(long) 32. Seldom __________________(他們玩)video games ever since they entered college. (play) 33. The city __________________(我成長的)is very hot and damp in summer.(grow) 34. __________________(我花了)one thousand dollars to buy the painting last week. (cost) 35. I feel so sick. I wish Mum __________________(沒有逼我)to eat so much.(force) 36. —You'd better go and _______________(把你的轎車洗洗). —No, I'll do it myself. (wash) 37. With the rapid development of science and technology, I can ' t imagine__________________(我的家鄉(xiāng)會是什么樣子) in ten years.(what) 38. It is your efforts, not success. (determine) your intelligence, _______________(決定) your 39. He looks sleepy. He must __________________ 熬夜了) ( last night, writing the essay. (stay) 40. At present, lots of food, water, tents, and medicine __________________(正在 運往)from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas.(transport) 2 真題簡析 31 題 考查形容詞的最高級與數(shù)詞的搭配順序. 答案為:The three longest rivers 類似的搭配如: The four largest oceans in the world The five most famous mountains in China The eight most famous wonders in the world The one hundred greatest persons alive in the world … 此題考生通過率很高,區(qū)分度不高. 32 題 考查表否定意義的副詞位于句首的倒裝句式. 答案為:have they played 此題應(yīng)注意兩點: (1)seldom 位于句首起強調(diào)作用, 需用倒裝句型. 即將助動詞提到主語的前面, 構(gòu)成: Seldom + 助動詞 + 主語 + 動詞 + ... (2) 要考慮 ever since 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句其主句中的時態(tài)——現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),其句式為:S + have / has + V-ed + ... + ever since + S + V + ... 類似的句子如: Seldom have these scientists had a rest ever since they accepted the space-ship task. Nowhere could we find such an attractive view. Little did they do to stop the pollution. Seldom does he go home on Sundays. … 此題不僅很好地考查了倒裝句式在 ever since 結(jié)構(gòu)中的運用; 而且還兼顧考查了 ever since 結(jié)構(gòu)中主句的謂語時態(tài),區(qū)分度較高,可謂一箭雙雕.但此題難度高達(dá) 0.2. 33 題 考查定語從句. 答案為:in which/where I grew up 類似的句子如: The village in which/where I was born was very beautiful. The city in which/where I received college education was very cold in winter and very hot in summer. … 此題考查了定語從句和動詞短語 grow up,但太簡單,區(qū)分度一般.如果要考這一類型的定 語從句,將先行詞改為 point, position, situation 或 way 等區(qū)分度可能高一些. 34 題 考查 it 的用法. 答案為:It cost me 類似的句子如: It cost me much to repair the car. It cost them 5000 dollars to complete this project. … 在中學(xué)英語中,it 的用法較多.此題 it 是代替不定式 to buy the painting 作形式主語. 此題把 it 作為考查對象,可以起到"指揮棒"的作用.因為 it 的用法較多,在實際語言運 用中靈活多變,英語學(xué)習(xí)者必須掌握. 35 題 考查 wish 接賓語從句,句中謂語動詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用恰當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣形式. 答案為:hadn't forced me 即表達(dá)與過去事實相反的愿望. 類似的句子如: I wish I hadn't driven my car out. How I wish I hadn't received her invitation. … 此外,還有表達(dá)與現(xiàn)在事實相反和將來情況可能相反的愿望.例如: I wish I were a millionaire. I wish I knew more about the subject. How I wish it wasn't raining. She wished she had stayed at home. I earnestly wish that I could have gone with you. She wishes that she could do something to comfort him. … 此題考查了 wish 接賓語從句中謂語動詞的虛擬語氣形式, 看似簡單, 實則較難 (難度 0.24) . 考生要把握 wish 表達(dá)的愿望與過去情況相反的虛擬語氣形式.此題區(qū)分度較好. 36 題 考查了動詞 have 的"使役"用法. 答案為:have/get your car washed 類似的句子如: — What are you going to do? — I'm going to have my watch repaired. She will have her long hair cut short. 動詞 have 的"使役"用法有三種形式: (1) S + have/get + sb./sth. + doing ... (2) S + have/get + sb. + do sth. (3) S + have/ get + sb./sth. + done. 例如: They had the horse running all the way. Whom do you want to have tidy up the lab? You look so pale; you'd better have your body examined. … 此題將動詞 have 的"使役"用法的考查內(nèi)容放在實際對話中進(jìn)行考查,落實了考綱中有關(guān) "注重交際"的考試原則. 37 題 考查了關(guān)系代詞 what 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句. 答案為:what my hometown will be / look like 類似的句子如:How happy I am. My hometown is no longer what it used to be 10 years ago. He has changed a lot. He looks no longer what he was. He was shocked at the news. You can't imagine what he looked like then. … 關(guān)系代詞 what 除了引導(dǎo)賓語從句還引導(dǎo)主語和表語從句. 此題選材角度好,區(qū)分度高,將積極引導(dǎo)考生重視名詞性從句的學(xué)習(xí). 38 題 考查了 it 的強調(diào)句型,即 It is/was + 被強調(diào)部分 + that-clause. 答案為:that determine 類似的句子如: It is you, not your sister that are responsible for the accident. It was Tom that broke the window. It was in the Second World War that Einstein was forced to leave his home country. … 此題設(shè)計得十分巧妙,不僅考了強調(diào)句,而且考了主謂一致問題.但此題難度太高(0.14)主 要原因是考生對 that 的功能和句子結(jié)構(gòu)沒有理解. 39 題 考查了情態(tài)動詞 must 用于推斷性用法. 答案為:have stayed up 類似的句子如: It must have been raining/have rained last night, for the ground is still wet. She still looks pale.She must have been ill. 此外,must 用于推斷性用法還有另外兩種形式: (1) S + must + be + adj./ n. (2) S + must + be doing + sth. 例如: —Where is Jack? —He must be ill at home. —Who broke the glass? —It must be Tom. —Have you seen our English teacher? —He must be going through the test papers in his office. … 此題的設(shè)計與樣題一致, 考查了情態(tài)動詞 must 表推斷性用法. 情態(tài)動詞的用法一直是中學(xué) 英語學(xué)習(xí)的難點,此題的考查勢必指引考生加深和拓寬對這一語法的學(xué)習(xí)與研究. 40 題 考查了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài). 答案為:are being transported 類似的句子如: Don't drive this way, for the bridge ahead is being repaired. At present, the famous writer's works are being translated into several foreign languages. … 時態(tài)和語態(tài)一直是中學(xué)英語語法的重要內(nèi)容.進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)是其中一個難點,此題的考 查體現(xiàn)了考綱對這一語法內(nèi)容的要求. 總體上看,2008 年完成句子題有以下特色: (1)題目從中學(xué)英語教學(xué)的實際出發(fā),緊扣大綱和教材的基本目標(biāo),將"回歸教學(xué)"的口號 落到實處.把考核的重點放在" 雙基"和語言運用能力的技巧上,并突出對常用句式和短語 的考查.這與湖北省 2008 年高考補充說明的要求一致,體現(xiàn)了較好的導(dǎo)向性.如:32 題倒 裝句,33 題定語從句,34 題 it 作形式主語句式,35 題 wish 帶賓語從句的虛擬語氣, 37 題 what 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,38 題強調(diào)句等. (2)難度控制比去年好.整體難度不大,但 32 題,35 題,38 題的難度系數(shù)分別高達(dá) 0.20, 0.24 和 0.14. 題目大多取材于教材中的常用語法和詞匯, 但仍然全面地考查了中學(xué)英語的基 本語法項目.題目時代氣息濃厚,人文特色明顯,貼近學(xué)生實際.如:32 題,37 題,38 題 和 40 題等. (3) 強調(diào)對常用動詞短語的考核力度并將其放在特定的語言環(huán)境中考查.如:35 題:force sb. to do sth.;36 題:have / get sb./sth. done;39 題:stay up 等. 3 復(fù)習(xí)方法與對策 英語課程的總目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語言運用能力,而語言知識和語言技能則是綜合語言運 用能力的基礎(chǔ).基礎(chǔ)語法作為語言知識中的五大組成部分之一,是為培養(yǎng)學(xué)生語言技能服務(wù) 的.因此,語法(句法和詞法)必定是高中英語教學(xué)和高考中的一個重要的組成部分.中學(xué)英 語語言教學(xué)的目的是使學(xué)生通過學(xué)習(xí)詞匯,句型和基礎(chǔ)語法知識去體驗和感悟語言,通過進(jìn) 行聽,說,讀,寫等語言實踐活動,達(dá)到培養(yǎng)學(xué)生基本語言技能,進(jìn)而培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語言 運用能力,最終能實現(xiàn)正確運用英語進(jìn)行交際的目的. 語言學(xué)家克拉申(Krashen, S.)認(rèn)為,學(xué)習(xí)是有意識地掌握外語語法規(guī)則的過程.國內(nèi)也有 學(xué)者明確指出: "心理語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為,語法是語言的核心,若沒有語法,就無法構(gòu)成語言" . 因此,中國學(xué)生要掌握英語就必須學(xué)習(xí),掌握基礎(chǔ)英語語法. 鑒于此,湖北省英語高考完成句子考查的語法內(nèi)容可能體現(xiàn)為以下方面: 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來, 一般將來時, 現(xiàn)在完成時, 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài), 動詞的-ing 形式, 動詞的被動語態(tài),狀語從句和定語從句,名詞性從句,間接引語,主謂一致,省略,倒裝, 強調(diào),感嘆句,情態(tài)動詞表推斷性用法以及虛擬語氣等.另外,常用動詞短語和慣用法的識 記, 理解以及在具體語言環(huán)境中的分辨和靈活運用等也是此大題�？疾榈膬�(nèi)容. 動詞 + 介 如: 詞結(jié)構(gòu),介詞的復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu),There be 結(jié)構(gòu)和獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)等. 針對完成句子的命題特點和中學(xué)英語的語法知識,要想達(dá)
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