職稱英語真題理工類b級(jí)試題
第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1. The majority of people around here are decent.
A. real B. honest C. normal D. wealthy
2. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.
A. hidden B. traditional C. inflexible D. official
3. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.
A. furnish B. copy C. publish D. summarize
4. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down.
A. excitement B. disappointment C. anger D. calm
5. Several windows had been smashed.
A. cleaned B. replaced C. fixed D. broken
6. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.
A. pains B. parts C. aspects D. results
7. London quickly became a flourishing port.
A. major B. large C. successful D. commercial
8. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.
A. homework B. justiceC. model D. act
9. He led a very moral life.
A. human B. intelligent C. natural D. honorable
10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.
A. sincere B. respectful C. empty D. terrible
11. It was a magic night until the spell was broken.
A. time B. charm C. space D. opportunity
12. His professional career spanned 16 years.
A. started B. changed C. moved D. lasted
13. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.
A. discover B. proveC. consider D. imagine
14. His knowledge of French is fair.
A. very useful B. very limited C. quite good D. rather special
15. The group does not advocate the use of violence.
A. limit B. regulate C. oppose D. support
第二部分：閱讀判斷
下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。
So Many 'Earths'
The Milky Way (銀河) contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life that’s the finding of a new study. It draws on date that came from NASA’s top planet-hunting telescope.
A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its data have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.
The authors of a study,published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences,conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars, with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun, may host a planet that could support life as we know it.
Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth’s, but no more than twice that big . The planet also would have to orbit in a star’s habitable zone. That’s where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid.
The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate (推算) to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see .
The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past). Using tighter limits, the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 Sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.
Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn’t sound like a big number. It would mean, however, that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a change for life.
16. The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：C
17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth’s.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：A
18. The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：B
19. The Earth is planet orbiting in the Sun’s habitable zone.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：A
20. The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：B
21. The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：A
22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：C
第三部分：概括大意與完成句子
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試，任務(wù)：(1)1-4題 要求從所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第5-8題 要求從所給的5個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。
Climate Change : The Long Reach
1 . Earth is warming. Sea levels are rising. There ‘s more carbon in the air, and Arctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history. Scientists who study the environment to better gauge (評(píng)估) .Earth’s future climate now argue that these changes may not reverse for a very long time .
2 . People burn fossil fuels like coal and oil for energy. That burning releases carbon dioxide, a colorless gas . In the air , this gas traps heat at Earth’s surface . And the more carbon dioxide released , the more the planet warms . If current consumption of fossil fuels doesn’t slow , the long-term climate impacts could last thousands of years-and be more severe than scientists had been expecting. Climatologist Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii at Manoa offers this conclusion in a new paper.
3. Most climate-change studies look at what’s going to happen in the next century or so . During that time, changes in the planet’s environment could nudge(推動(dòng)) global warming even higher. For example: Snow and ice reflect sunlight back into space. But as these melt, sunlight can now reach-- and warm –the exposed ground . This extra heat raises the air temperature even more, causing even more snow to melt. This type of rapid exaggeration of impacts is called a ‘fast feedback’.
4. Zeebe says it’s important to look at fast feedbacks. However, he adds, they’ re limited. From a climate change perspective, ‘This century is the most important time for the next few generations’, he told Science News “But the world is not ending in 2100”. For his new study. Zeebe how focuses on “slow feedbacks”. While fast feedback events unfold over decades or centuries, slow feedbacks can take thousands of years. Melting of continental ice sheets and the migration of plant life --- as they relocate to more comfortable areas --- are two examples of slow feedbacks.
5. Zeebe gathered information from previously published studies investigating how such processes played out over thousands of years during past dramatic changes in climate. Then he came up with a forecast for the future that accounts for both slow and fast feedback processes. Climate forecasts that use only fast feedbacks predict a 4.5 degree Celsius (8.1 degree Fahrenheit) change by the year 3000. But slow feedbacks added another 1.5 ℃ -- for a 6 total increase, Zeebe reports. He also found that slow feedback events will cause global warming to persist for thousands of years after people run out of fossil fuels to burn.
23. Paragraph 2 ________ 答案：B
24. Paragraph 3 ________ 答案：C
25. Paragraph 4 ________ 答案：F
26. Paragraph 5 ________ 答案：A
A. A prediction of future climate change
B. Impact of burning fossil fuels
C. Fast feedbacks
D. Unpredictability of feedback processes
E. Rising of sea levels
F. Slow feedbacks
27. Arctic ice has never been melting so fast in _______ 答案：F
28. Melting of snow and ice enables sunlight to reach ________ 答案：E
29. Zeebe came up with his future climate prediction by analyzing ________ 答案：D
30. After fossil fuels are used up, global warming will continue for ________ 答案：B
A. rapid exaggeration of impacts
B. a very long time
C. the extra heat
D. previously published studies
E. the exposed ground
F. recorded history
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