商務(wù)英語(yǔ)郵件until now錯(cuò)誤用法

　　The phrase “until now” is often used incorrectly. This can result in a sentence having the opposite meaning to the one intended.

　　詞組“直到剛才”經(jīng)常被誤用，而誤用的結(jié)果就是句意可能與寫作人想表達(dá)的原意完全相反。

　　Consider the following sentence: Until now, the above documents and information have not been provided by the Banks.

　　來(lái)看看這句句子：直到剛才，銀行還沒(méi)有提供上述的文件和信息。

　　What does the writer mean? Have the Banks provided the documents and information or not?

　　作者的意思是什么?銀行到底有沒(méi)有提供文件和信息?

　　A native English speaker would be likely to say yes. But the writer intended to say that they have not.

　　母語(yǔ)為英語(yǔ)的人的回答是肯定的(即文件和信息已提交)，而作者實(shí)際上想要表達(dá)的是否定的意思(即文件和信息還未提交)。

　　In English the phrase “until now” is used to refer to a change of circumstances where the change happens now.

　　在英語(yǔ)中，詞組“直到剛才”用來(lái)指在剛才那個(gè)時(shí)刻事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化。

　　E.g. Until now I have never eaten sushi.

　　例句：直到剛才，我還從來(lái)沒(méi)吃過(guò)壽司。

　　This means that it is the first time the speaker has eaten sushi. Until the present moment the speaker never ate sushi. NOW the speaker is eating sushi.

　　這句話的意思是這是說(shuō)話者第一次吃壽司。在說(shuō)這句話之前，說(shuō)話者從來(lái)沒(méi)有吃過(guò)�，F(xiàn)在說(shuō)話者正在吃壽司。

　　So, if we apply this understanding of “until now” to the first example, it means that until the present moment the Banks have not provided the documents and information. NOW (or in the very recent past) they have provided them.That is how a native English speaker would understand the sentence.

　　那么，讓我們把這個(gè)含義用到第一個(gè)例子中去，這句話的意思就是：直到剛才，銀行還沒(méi)有提供文件和信息。但是，剛才(或者比這早一些時(shí)候)，銀行已經(jīng)提交了。英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人就是這么理解“直到剛才”的意思的。

　　Instead of “until now”, in this sentence the writer should have used the phrases “to date”, “as yet” or “so far”. They all have the same meaning. “To date” is formal; “so far” informal.

　　如果要表示否定的意思，就不應(yīng)該用“until now”，可以用“to date”，“as yet”，或者“so far”，上述詞組都表示目前為止的意思，“to date”是正式用法，“so far”是非正式用法。

　　To date, the above documents and information have not been provided by the Banks.

　　例句：目前為止，銀行還沒(méi)有把上述文件和信息提交過(guò)來(lái)。

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