這是CN人才網(wǎng)小編給大家分享的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式講解,歡迎閱讀。
一般動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)
3.2.1 一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成
肯定句:主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式...
否定句:主語(yǔ) + did not + 動(dòng)詞原形...
疑問(wèn)句:Did + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形...?
疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞 + did + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形...? (動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成詳見(jiàn)第7章動(dòng)詞概述7.3動(dòng)詞的基本形式)
3.2.2 一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句
句型:主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式...
一般動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)由“主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式”構(gòu)成。一般動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,因此主語(yǔ)即使是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),也和其他人稱(chēng)一樣變化:
I went to see a friend of mine.我去看了一個(gè)朋友。
At noon I had lunch with a friend of mine.中午我和一個(gè)朋友一塊吃了午飯。
We talked about a lot of things.我們談?wù)摿撕枚嗍虑椤?/p>
He answered almost all of my questions.他回答了我所有的問(wèn)題。
注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的拼寫(xiě)。熟記下述動(dòng)詞的原形和過(guò)去式:
read/ri:d/—read/red/
say/sei/—said/sed/
know—knew
put—put
go—went
get—got
have—had
see—saw
take—took
do—did
come—came
3.2.3 一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句
句型:主語(yǔ) + did not + 動(dòng)詞原形...
一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語(yǔ) + did not + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,即在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞原形)前面加上did not/didn't(讀作/′didnt/)。一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句無(wú)人稱(chēng)、數(shù)的變化:
He didn't go to school because he was ill.由于生病,他昨天沒(méi)上學(xué)。
I didn't see Mr. Jones,but I saw John Smith.我沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)瓊斯先生,但我看到約翰·史密斯。
If you didn't like it you were wrong not to say so.如果你不喜歡它而不說(shuō)出來(lái),那你就不對(duì)了。
3.2.4 一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句
句型: Did + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形...?
回答方式:Yes,主語(yǔ) + did或動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式...
No,主語(yǔ) + did not + 動(dòng)詞原形...
一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句是在主語(yǔ)前面加上助動(dòng)詞did(大寫(xiě)助動(dòng)詞did的第一個(gè)字母),在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)。一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句無(wú)人稱(chēng)、數(shù)的變化:
Did you work all day? —Yes,I worked from early morning until late at night./No,I only worked half of the day.你工作了一整天嗎? ——是的,我從清早一直工作到深夜。/不,我只工作了半天。
Did you see Mr. Jones yesterday? —No,I didn't see Mr. Jones,but I saw John Smith.昨天你看見(jiàn)瓊斯先生了嗎? ——沒(méi)有,但我看到約翰·史密斯。
3.2.5 一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句
句型:疑問(wèn)代詞(主語(yǔ)) + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式...?
疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞 + did + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形...?
一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,都是以疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞開(kāi)頭,之后是“助動(dòng)詞did + 主語(yǔ)”,在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào)。這種語(yǔ)序是主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)倒裝語(yǔ)序,和一般疑問(wèn)句差不多(助動(dòng)詞did的第一個(gè)字母無(wú)需大寫(xiě))。就主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí),如果主語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)代詞或是帶有疑問(wèn)限定詞的名詞詞組,將疑問(wèn)代詞或帶有疑問(wèn)限定詞的名詞詞組置于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式之前,無(wú)需加助動(dòng)詞did,在句尾加問(wèn)號(hào);這種語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序:
Who told you that? 誰(shuí)告訴你那件事的?
Who broke the window? 那窗戶是誰(shuí)打破的?
Who did you ask? 你問(wèn)誰(shuí)了? (就賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
Who did you stay with? 你和誰(shuí)在一起了? (就賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn))
What time did you get to work yesterday? —I left the house at 7o'clock and got to work at 8. 昨天早上你幾點(diǎn)開(kāi)始工作的? ——我7點(diǎn)鐘離開(kāi)家,8點(diǎn)鐘開(kāi)始工作。
Where did you go yesterday? —I went to see a friend of mine.你昨天去哪里了? ——我去看了一位朋友。
When did that happen? 那事是在什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的?
比較一般動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式,以go為例: